G vaginalis forms a biofilm in the vagina.2 Some studies show that this biofilm may be resistant to some forms of medical treatment. This predominant G vaginalis biofilm has been shown to survive in hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2), lactic acid, and high levels of antibiotics. When the biofilm was subjected in the laboratory to enzymatic dissolution, susceptibility to H2 O2 and lactic acid were restored.2 These findings may lead to future development of novel therapies involving enzymatic degradation of biofilms. No such products are currently on the market. <a href=
o These are dysontogenetic cysts arising from the minor vestibular glands or from mesonephric duct remnants. <a href= flagyl er</a>
Because mucopurulent cervicitis may be a sign of upper genital tract disease, women presenting with mucopurulent cervicitis should be tested for gonorrhea and chlamydia with the most sensitive and specific test available.10 They should also be evaluated for bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis. HSV should be selectively tested for if there is clinical suspicion and identifiable lesions. <a href=
In 1920, Dr. George Papanicolaou began his investigation of vaginal and cervical cytology. In collaboration with Herbert Traut, he published his seminal monograph Diagnosis of Uterine Cancer by the Vaginal Smear in 1943. In the United States, the Papanicolaou test became the primary screening test for detection of cervical cancer and its precursors. Colposcopy was essentially unknown in this country until the 1960s, when it was introduced in its current role as a confirmatory test for evaluation of women with abnormal cervical cytologic findings. Currently, it has near-universal acceptance as the most effective follow-up test for women suspected of having premalignant or malignant cervical lesions. <a href=
o Investigative studies aimed toward identifying an infection-causing agent (eg, spirochetes, viruses) have yielded inconclusive results. <a href= jelly</a>
o They consist of raised, fleshy, skin-colored, soft, asymptomatic micropapillae of the inner labia minora, usually 1-3 mm in diameter and symmetric, that occur singly or become confluent, forming a fimbriated fringe. <a href= This Out</a>
* Pregnancy (See Medscape's Pregnancy ResourceCenter.) <a href=
o The use of diethylstilbestrol increases risk. <a href= a peek here</a>
The carbon dioxide laser has been considered an effective modality for multiple tasks related to the treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), but most commonly for large lesions and for multifocal manifestations of human papilloma virus (HPV) disease. The use of this technology is limited in some areas because of healthcare provider and physician training experience and because of a lack of availability of equipment. Many hospitals require that specific credentials be obtained before using this modality, including documentation of didactic instruction and clinical supervision of initial procedures. <a href= This Out</a>
o Although demonstration of typical oral changes carries more diagnostic weight than biopsy, histopathology is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis.65,93 <a href= viagra professional</a>
Surgical termination <a href= a peek here</a>
Vaginal ring 17РћР†-estradiol Estring Releases 7.5 Р’Вµg/d; 90 d <a href= sublingual viagra</a>
* Faster image acquisition with shorter exposure and examination time <a href=
o Patients with this condition present with a hyperkeratotic, usually ill-defined, grayish, thickened, and sometimes excoriated lesion, usually located over the labia majora and merging with normal skin. <a href=
* Increased vaginal discharge is typically mild to moderate. <a href=
